Deceit as defined is tortious fraud or deceit occurs when a party “willfully deceives another with the intent to induce him to alter his position to his injury or risk.” Civ. Code § 1709. Fraud has three meanings: 1) A person made a false promise, 2) A person conceal important facts, and 3) A person intentionally misrepresent an important fact.
California civil battery means any intentional, nonconsensual, and harmful or offensive contact by one person to another.
We’re not talking about the ubiquitous middle finger that says fuck you. Obscene and sexual gestures at work may include two fingers in a V shape, with a tongue in between.
Quid pro quo harassment involves job benefits tied to sexual favors. A hostile work environment stems from severe, unwelcome sexual conduct. Both disrupt work via unwanted sexual behaviors. However, quid pro quo is an exchange of work favor for sex, while hostile environments are broadly abusive.
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